14th and 15th Amendments

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by Aliza Sanchez12 views·Updated Jan 18, 2022
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  1. mm hmm.
  2. Welcome to the video on the 14th and 15th amendments. Let's get started.
  3. So in order for us to really understand the 14th and 15th amendments,
  4. we have to understand this reconstruction period, right?
  5. Because we already went over the 13th amendment and today we're going
  6. over 14th and 15th which were known as the reconstruction amendments.
  7. So what was the reconstruction?
  8. So we had just finished learning about the civil war. Right?
  9. So after the civil war,
  10. there's this period in America for about 11 years
  11. where they have to rebuild the country right now.
  12. It's a little bit different after the civil war than after other wars because the
  13. civil war was a domestic war meaning it was a war within America against itself.
  14. So an example I'd like to give to kind of,
  15. I understand this is like if there's a couple, right
  16. and they get into a big fight and then they decide to stay together.
  17. They have to do some work in order to make the relationship strong again. Right?
  18. They have to try to help out each other to understand each other.
  19. They have to work through all those tensions
  20. in order to make the relationship stable again.
  21. Whereas if they fight and then they break up,
  22. they just separate and they don't have to do that.
  23. Right?
  24. So the civil war was kind of like a couple that had a fight
  25. and now they're back together and they have to really work through those issues.
  26. So the Reconstruction period is that period of
  27. working through those issues after the Civil war,
  28. It lasted from 1865 to 1877.
  29. So about 11, 12 years, which is a significant amount of time?
  30. What do you think there are some of the challenges they would have
  31. to go through during that time that they have to figure out.
  32. So first of all,
  33. we have to acknowledge that there were very
  34. different attitudes about slavery in this time,
  35. right?
  36. They had just fought a war about it.
  37. But the south has accepted that slavery is over,
  38. but that doesn't mean that they're happy about it.
  39. Right? So there's an attitudinal shift that that has to happen.
  40. Um, five days after they win the civil war,
  41. President Lincoln is actually assassinated.
  42. So not only do they have to reconstruct the union, but their president,
  43. Their leader has been assassinated by john Wilkes booth.
  44. The south is also completely demolished because of this March to the sea,
  45. which basically during the war,
  46. a general just kind of destroyed and burnt everything down.
  47. So they have like zero infrastructure that it's really
  48. hard for even white people in the south.
  49. So there was a lot of struggle going on. Um, so there was a lot of challenges going on.
  50. There's also something called the black coats.
  51. However, you're going to be doing your own independent research on that.
  52. So I'm not going to go into that.
  53. So they started off with the goal of reconstruction is for the federal government to
  54. become involved and to help africa newly
  55. freed african americans to transition into society.
  56. Right? Why do you think they might need to help transitioning into society?
  57. Well imagine that today you got kicked out of your home and not just you,
  58. but everyone, you know, gets kicked out of their home.
  59. What would you do?
  60. Um You don't have a place to live, you don't have a job, you're a minor,
  61. so you can't really get a job.
  62. Um You need to bag groceries and you're basically just stuck.
  63. There's nothing for you to do.
  64. So it was a similar situation with the newly freed African americans.
  65. They didn't have where they used to live anymore.
  66. They didn't have food, they didn't have jobs,
  67. they needed help in order to get set up and decided education, jobs, homes,
  68. all of these things.
  69. The federal government was supposed to get involved with helping that
  70. part of what they did was creating the reconstruction amendments.
  71. The first one we talked about last week,
  72. which was the 13th amendment which gate which got rid
  73. of slavery except for people who were in prison.
  74. Now we're going to talk about the 14th Amendment.
  75. Now if you go into the actual present,
  76. you'll see the actual um words of the First section of the 14th Amendment,
  77. but basically what it is,
  78. it provided citizenship for all people that were
  79. born or naturalized in the United States,
  80. right?
  81. Which means that if you're born in America, you are a citizen of America.
  82. But not only that it actually differentiates between the U. S.
  83. Which is the federal level
  84. and the state level.
  85. If you remember with dread scott he wasn't
  86. able to use the Supreme Court properly because
  87. they said he wasn't a citizen and therefore he doesn't have the right to sue.
  88. This allows african americans the right to sue
  89. and to be to use the federal government.
  90. That's why the U. S. Is a really important factor in their citizenship.
  91. But they also got state citizenship meaning that the
  92. states can't go against what the federal government says.
  93. They can't say oh you can use federal resources but not state resources.
  94. This says no
  95. if you're born here, you're a citizen of America and the state you're born in.
  96. It also provides equal protection under the law,
  97. meaning that if an african american is in danger then they should
  98. be protected under the law just as much as a white person.
  99. That's what the 14th Amendment did. Let's take a look now at the 15th amendment,
  100. The 15th Amendment which remember is the last
  101. reconstruction amendment provided voting for African American.
  102. Males
  103. keep in mind this did not provide voting for women.
  104. So now white men can vote and black men can vote but not any woman.
  105. So those are the three reconstruction amendments.
  106. We have the 13th which provided um that there was
  107. no more slavery except if you were a slave.
  108. The 14th which gave citizenship and equal protection under the law, and the 15th,
  109. which provided voting.
  110. Okay,
  111. what you're gonna do now for the last time it is if you go to google classroom,
  112. there's a video link on the stream, I want you to watch that video link.
  113. It's about the black codes.
  114. There's five questions after that that I want you to answer the questions too,
  115. and email me your answers to this is going to count as your credit for the day.
  116. I hope that you learned something from this lesson and that it was enjoyable.
  117. Have a great day.