S21CEC8- Part 3

Hi, everyone.

Welcome back to less than eight.

Part three.

Now, um, again, we were going through the structure trying

to recognize the structure of our article and by skimming

and scanning kind of both at the same time, but

especially skimming to help us get the main idea.

But in this case, scanning, I I kind of give

you kind of work to do.

That's that's scanning helps us to really recognize the structure

of the story.

Um, in in this particular article.

So again, as I was going through when you get

through the end of the story, you realize that by

the time you finished, especially look at the last paragraph

in paragraph 33 it says, by the time she retired

in 2000 and seven.

So again, you see, this finishes with a strong most

recent date, and so I should have given you enough

hints. I hope by now for you to to kind

of come back to our come back to our different

structures and to realize that out of the Five Structures,

what's going on here clearly is chronology.

There's there's a lot.

There are a lot of dates going through the story.

So I my personal choice.

My personal decision is that this is a chronological structure

that's kind of just showing how things have kind of

gone along.

Here's what happened in this date, this date, this date.

This date.

Now, how does a chronological style if it's chronological style?

How does that help us to know the author's intent

and to know the main idea and the purpose and

all the things we want to know?

Well, criminal chronological structures, uh, again are the ones that

are the most kind of narrative.

Like a story.

They kind of have a beginning, a middle and an

end. And why would Why is that important?

Well, if an author decides to arrange their article that

way, it means that they want.

They think that it's important to show what has happened.

You know, the passage or or what?

The progress of something has been.

So in this case, I think you get a lot

of a lot of hint here not only about the

structure by by, by looking at the structure, it tells

you a lot about what the authors up to.

So we began with pulling out our skimming and scanning

to try to find the structure.

And then we started.

You know, we kind of saw transitions in the way

it jumps from character to character.

You're in the transitions, your notice.

It's this person.

Then it's that person that it's this person.

So it seems to just be touching on the lives

of all these different women rather than focusing on one

very long.

It just kind of skims through their lives as it

relates to the topic.

And then it also does that by a chronological order.

So and so why would the author do that?

Well, clearly, the author wants to show you how things

have changed over the years again.

That's the purpose.

Usually have a chronological order is they want to show

you the change, the process of where something began and

where it ended up.

So again, that can help you a lot to know

what the author is up to here.

Okay? Yeah.

Okay. One more thing.

We want to put in our toolbox, which we've already

kind of talked about a lot.

And it's something that that I think, you know, probably

out of all our skills, You know, this the best

because in, um, this skill influencing, as I'm going to

point out to here, to you here, inference.

Ng is the skill that you do in your life

the most, because it's necessary for your survival and for

you to have a good life.

So influencing is one of the best and most important

skills, because not only because it's what you do in

your real life, but it helps you to predict what

will come next, right either in a text video, a

game in your life.

Of course, you make inferences if you how you make

an inference is you look for facts.

You look for clues like Sherlock Holmes and you go.

Here's a fact.

Here's a clue.

Here's a hint.

Here's a fact.

Hint, clacked clue.

They're all kind of the same, hinting clues are the

same. Okay, let's see.

Clouds. It's summertime, it's clouds, and I see people kind

of hurrying, and the wind is blowing a little Mm.

If you add up all those facts, you can make

an inference.

You can say a very strong inference, or you can

make a weaker, less sure inference, so you can say

it will.

I think it will.

Or you can say, Oh, it probably will.

Usually it happens.

This happens.

Or you could say, Well, perhaps maybe it might.

I don't know, but oh, well Mm.

Over here, you're just making a wild what's called a

wild guess.

You really don't know what's going to happen because you

don't have a lot of facts.

So an inference is very importantly.

An inference is kind of that this part of the

category, right?

You can have a week inference, but a week inference

or a strong inference.

The difference between those is how many, how much fact

you have.

So if you don't know anything about something like right

now, if I said, you know, if I talk to

you What?

What? What did you have for breakfast today?

I have no information.

So I could just make a wild guess.

I cannot make an inference.

I can make a really weekend friends and say, You're

Korean and you might have had Korean, but that's really

weak. But if I knew more about you, like if

you ask me about what, what?

Maybe what my son had for breakfast then then I

could. I could make a really strong inference.

Now be careful because if you actually know if the

if, the if the information actually tells you the answer,

it's not an inference.

I know what my son had for breakfast this morning

because I made it.

So that's not an inference.

Okay, and inferences when you don't know something like Sherlock

Holmes, you're trying to guess it, but so you look

at the facts and try to add up the facts

and try to find the most likely outcome.

So again, it helps you to predict if if all

of those things are true with the clouds and the

wind and it's going to rain, probably.

So you're going to bring an umbrella because you predict

rain, right?

That's very helpful.

And so it saves you time and effort to be

able to predict in when you're reading a story, because

you can start to add up the facts and try

to figure where the author is going.

So it allows you to understand what?

Why would the author talk about this information, then this

then this.

Then that if you kind of keep that in the

back of your head.

You're kind of going.

What's the author doing?

Why would the author do I think the author is

doing that because of this?

Or maybe the author's doing it because of that again,

that's how you another way.

You become active as a reader, and it really helps

you to figure out things.

So influencing is something that you want to do is

based on evidence.

It's logic, but it's also kind of a feeling because

once you're you get used to doing influencing a lot,

you don't consciously think about it in the in the

front of your brain.

It's something that's kind of deeper, a bit.

You kind of just feel it more.

You kind of go.

I don't know.

There's something not right.

I'm starting.

And then and then you pay attention to the to

the facts and you and then it becomes a better

inference. Okay, um, I just for fun.

I like to point this out to students to go

to this site if you like influencing and practicing, influencing

and especially visual influencing.

I use this.

I told my photo students in my photo class about

this. Sometimes I'm going to post it actually next week

with my students there, Um, but it's it's it's visual

influencing, making visual inferences.

You can go to the New York Times page called

The Learning Network, and they have something called What's Going

on in this picture.

You can see the most recent one here.

What's going on in this picture from March 15th and

you can see this this woman in her wedding dress

and she's in a very strange setting with and and

it's very confusing to know what's going on.

So, like Sherlock Holmes, you need to look at the

You have no information, no caption, no description.

You have to try to figure it out just by

looking at the facts and clues, you see.

So it's a kind of guessing game based on pictures

and stuff.

It's fun.

So I suggest you go, go try it out so

you can see when you do it, it gives you

at the bottom of it.

It gives you questions, ask you what's going on in

the picture.

What makes you say that?

What more can you find again?

All of this is making inferences, so this is really

good practice for visual as they call it, visual thinking

strategies. So Oh, and by the way, people go on

here. It's fun, too, because you can post your guesses

about what's going on here.

And you can see that only so far on this

one, because it's new.

There's only one guess, but he tells you what he

thinks. This guy or woman, e m m.

Thinks all of these things.

It's important.

The middle white dress.

It looks like a wedding dress.

The people in the middle of the street.

The woman's puzzled again.

Looking at the facts and trying to make an inference

is what this is all about.

So it's really fun.

Go try it.

They put new photos in and they give you the

answer by the way, later they tell you what what

was going on.

So you can see if your how good you're influencing

was right.

Ah, okay.

Um hoops.

That I Yeah.

Okay. I think I got through everything.

So, as usual, what I'd like for you guys to

do is go do yourself study questions.

Um, self study three.

You're just going to go and discuss this if you

want to.

Some students were asking me about that.

Do we have to discuss the self study questions?

Where do we, you know, is it?

Oh, don't worry about it.

You have a discussion board for questions.

As I've mentioned before, it's a three questions.

I would like your group to come up with three

questions for this story, just like all the others that

I'm going to ask you.

They're required by your group.

After we finish article for, I'm going to ask for

each group to give me at least 12 questions they

have over the four articles we've covered.

So you should be doing this now.

What are those questions?

Hopefully the real questions that you have that you still

don't really know the answer or you're unsure, too.

And those questions could certainly be self study questions.

So get on there and just chat.

All the discussion boards are just for chatting.

Just get on there and chat about what you think

like oh, what do you think about number three?

I don't know.

I think this again you guys can can go through

and talk about it in very loose casual language and

and and then you can figure it out, and then

each student needs to go write their answers.

Just like on the midterm exam.

You take the exam by yourself.

You read a question.

You write what you think is the answer.

You include the answer, but you also include some support.

Two parts to your answer.

You need an answer and a reason That's the answer.

Why do you think that's the right answer or an

example of what that shows?

That's the right answer.

Okay from the text.

Hopefully, um, you can use your own experience if it's

a kind of inference in question, by the way.

So if you see the word inference, what can you

infer then?

That probably means you can use any kind of evidence

you want from the story or otherwise.

But again, that's self study.

That's what you're going to do and and turn that

in by the end of the week.

Like always for self study, um, vocabulary activity is optional.

You don't have to do it, but I made one

for you.

Uh, here are the the hidden figures questions you can

see. I have 10 of these.

They go in order, beginning with the photo caption by

the way, you can see photo captions.

I also ask questions about the photo captions because that's

part of the story.

You can learn a lot from the photos in the

photo captions in the story.

They tell you a lot about what's going on in

the article.

So, yes, you have to read the captions and try

to understand those as well.

Okay, Uh, the vocabulary activity this week is you're going

to see, of course, influencing.

I did some influencing for you here.

So what you're going to see is on the left

here. The column is a statement from the story.

And then you have to match up a kind of

paraphrase on the right.

When you make an inference, by the way, you're kind

of paraphrasing a little bit.

You're kind of making a summary or it's a short

form. You're not going to say everything about everything.

You're just going to abbreviate it, make it short.

But you're going to try to realize what does what

can I what?

In front?

What? What can I guess?

The author is thinking when they say that expression.

Okay, so remember, be careful.

An inference is going to be a little different than

just to paraphrase a paraphrase is saying, Here's what that

is saying a paraphrases.

A restatement of what is there?

Uh, well, that's That's a paraphrase, right?

But an inference, Uh, an inference is not just a

restatement of what is there.

An inference is a short kind of paraphrase of what

the author didn't say in that.

But what you can gather from it again If I

said to you, Oh, it looks or if I say,

Hey, you're take this umbrella again If I said Take

this umbrella, you could make a very strong inference paraphrase

and say he thinks I need it because it's going

to rain right?

That wouldn't be a paraphrase.

That would be an inference and inference.

A paraphrase of that would be Take this umbrella.

It's pretty simple.

I need to take an umbrella from the person who's

handing it to me.

That would be a paraphrase, but an inference would be

Oh, I think he thinks I need it for the

rain, right, So So match these up.

If you have time, it's optional.

You don't have to do that again.

This is optional.

I always have things for you to do.

Extra if you want.

Discuss with your group if you want to.

It's not required.

But it's fun to ask all these questions and think

about how the story relates to your life but required

again. Go ahead.

You can read these, but especially writing number one.

Make sure you finish the final draft, okay?

And do the article for purpose and get that up

for next week, okay?

S21CEC8- Part 3

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