Perspectives in Psychology

Hello, everybody.

I miss Steele.

This is gonna be one of her first major lessons

in our introduced a college course.

I'm going to be talking about the different perspectives in

psychology thinking this is kind of like different lenses we

can use to analyze a person's behaviors and mental processes.

Just like we can look at issues in histories and

science from different perspectives.

You know, we explain the Great Depression from economic, social

and political standpoint.

We explained things in psychology from different perspectives.

Is so the main six that we're gonna talk about

our biological, humanistic, cognitive psychoanalysis, learning and socio cook.

So one of the first ones that we're going to

talk about is biological and is exactly how it sounds.

The biological perspective is all about our biology.

So things about our hormones or brain chemistry or genetics

at set drop.

So in our brain we have things.

We have chemicals called neurotransmitters, which we'll talk about Maurin

unit to.

But these could have an immense impact on our emotions

and mental state.

Um, so one example of this is one of the

chemicals that we can look at is smuggled serotonin.

So chemical imbalances the great low levels of serotonin is

linked to depression, so we could actually see a chemical

cause for depression in people.

There are other neurotransmitters, like dopamine, that could be linked

to things like schizophrenia.

A little dig more into that in the next unit.

We can also look at the different size of the

parts of our brain, where injuries can impact our thoughts

and behaviors.

So one example of this could be our cerebellum.

Czar Cerebellum is in the back of our breed.

It's kind of like in the bottom, right at the

nape of our neck.

And this is part of our brain is really important

for balance and kind of knowing where your body business

ship it's.

So if you were to say, have a huge impact

to this part of the brain, it would have greatly

affect your ability to keep your balance or move your

body with it.

Next is cognitive.

Cognitive is all about how our thoughts influence our behavior.

So pretty much saying how we think affects how we

behave. So our behavior is controlled by our own thought

processes, but not by our genetic.

So an example of this would be.

Think about a time when your friends were talking about

someone you don't.

So call this person.

They're talking all about Sue, and they're saying, you know,

suis she's so grown, she said.

I mean, she's always lies.

You can't trust that he thinks, she says.

So how do you seek where you would act?

You first meet suit?

You would probably thinking about all these things that your

friends tell them I told you about her and act

that way.

Tarso. You've heard that she's rude and untrustworthy.

You might be a little bit more stand offish.

You might not necessarily want to engage in conversation.

Give those one word answers.

So the way we think about the world around us

and about different parts of the world definitely affects how

we behave.

The next perspective is the humanistic perspective.

And think about the word that you see in here.

The man were in the word.

Humanistic is human.

So it's all about how us as humans, we have

choices that drive our behavior.

So it's really trying to say that were in the

driver's seat of everything that we do.

It is our choice.

So it's saying that humans have free will.

There's nothing controlling us.

It's not the chemicals in our brain.

It's not.

Our own thoughts were choosing the way that we want

to live our lives.

So it's saying that people are really in control.

And part of the reason people like this perspective is

because it makes them feel like they're more in charge

of their own life, in charge of their own emotions

and in charge of their own happiness.

So humanistic psychologists would say that people who have anxiety

or depression actively choose Teoh, I think, and behave that

way where they might choose to be in situations that

promote these kinds of high anxiety feeling so they choose

a career, that super high anxiety they choose to be,

you know, spreading themselves too thin.

So instead of saying that things like depression, anxiety are

caused by chemical imbalances in our brain, it's saying that

is chosen by our own choices and that we have

the ability to readjust those choices to make our lives

better. So we're responsible for our happiness in our own

wealthy. Now, this perspective, it can make us feel really

good saying that you know, you have the choice to

live your life and feel any way you want.

But that's not always the case, right?

Most of us have had times where we felt sad

for no reason or felt super happy for no reason

or kind of lost or kind of anxious.

And I don't think anyone would necessarily choose that.

So a lot of the criticisms of this perspective has

to do with looking at big issues like some of

this schizophrenia.

Can you argue that?

So we'll whisk.

It's a friend, yeah, shows to have it or choosing

to exhibit those symptoms on.

That's a harder argument to make.

While humanistic is all about human choice and us being

in control of our own lives, cycle analysis is all

about us not really being in control.

It says that part of why we act the way

we do is because of a part of her brain

called her unconscious.

So it says that our behaviors and our ideas all

come from this place that we don't even know what's

going on.

So in this perspective, the main site colleges, two heroes

of this is Sigmund Freud.

This is gonna be a big name you might have

heard of before, but we're gonna talk more about him

in Siris, in our personality unit down the road.

But essentially, what he says is that our behaviors come

from our unconscious mind, and so we can control our

conscious mind.

So think about, you know, right now, what do you

think you about?

You super hungry, your super over Listening to those lecture

you are trying to get?

Think about the next thing you have to do.

Those are all things that are in your conscious mind.

But we don't have any idea of what goes on

in our unconscious.

So this is a part of our brain that we

totally don't.

No, it's doing.

And he says, there's a couple ways we couldn't learn

about what's going on in there.

One of them I'm that we could talk about right

now is dreams.

So if you've ever had a really weird dream and

thought, you know, what does this mean?

What is trying to tell me?

Um, I have a lot of dreams where my teeth

follow, and I think that's my brain unconsciously telling me

that maybe I'm super stressed about so dreams can reveal

what's going on in our unconscious.

You can also kind of think of air unconscious as

you've ever seen, like the devil in the Angel on

your shoulder.

There's the angels telling you what you really should do.

The good thing you should do.

The devil is telling you.

You know the bad thing that maybe you want to

do more.

You can think of your unconscious as that devil on

your shoulder.

So the learning perspective says that we learn all of

our behaviors and thought patterns from the people around us.

We essentially learn by observing others and think about who

are the first people you learn from its typically your

parents or family.

Have you ever been told that you or your family

have similar mannerisms or morals where you kind of act

for speak in similar ways?

You can think the learning perspective for this.

It's not necessarily that your parents are sitting you, John,

saying. When you talk, you have to talk with your

hands a lot.

You got a point.

Things you get like this.

It's something that you pick up by observing the way

that people around you act.

The people you're on the most are typically your family.

You can also learn a lot from the different people

you watch at school.

So think about how, like trends, start the new sneakers

that everyone's wearing their backpacks that everyone has.

This is typically comes from watching other people.

You see one person come to school with those sneakers

local. Then you see five people come in school, those

sneakers and you see 20 people don't just put those

sneakers and go through it like I think I need

them. So you're learning the behaviors from the people around

you, so we essentially learned by observing others.

And this could be people who are a beauty in

front of us, like our family, Or could be things

in media like TV shows or social media movies.

Think about like you see, you know, uh, social media

people all you see all your friends going to this

one restaurant.

What do you kind of start once?

Do you want to go in that restaurant, too?

So we essentially learn from observing the people around us,

and this learning perspective is a whole whole unit that

will look at later on this year it's what the

final perspective will talk about is what's known as socio

cultural. Essentially, this perspective is all about how society, socio

and culture control affect the way you think and act.

So that's why these two words Aaron.

It's all about how society and cultures influence how the

act, so the failures can vary across culture on cultures

and ethnicities or religions.

Um, our culture can really explain why we act the

way we do eso.

One thing we can easily identify is here in the

Western world.

Away with great people is, you know, waving, giving a

smile or shaking someone's hand, but said, You go to

Japan. Um, typically, people might bow when they see, so

that simple behaviour of leaving and saying hello is different

based upon the culture that we're a part of.

So one thing we can think about is how does

environment affect our behavior so we can think about, you

know, maybe a country that is more impoverished or has

a super high population like India.

India has one of the highest populations in the world,

and they have some of the highest rates of poverty

in the world.

So how does being.

It's someone in a culture or a society that has

not a lot of money affect their behavior.

Sometimes this can mean that they're more willing to participate

in, you know, illegal or not great activities in order

to support their families.

And the reason they do this isn't sl it because

they want to be a criminal.

It's because they're doing what it takes to survive.

So really looking at how societies it floats in the

way we think and act can help identify different routes

of different societal and psychological issues.

Egypt. His perspectives have their own benefits and drawbacks.

None of them perfectly tell the full psychological story.

You know, there are different psychologists who lean more, you

know, more humanistic or more biological.

But when it were really trying to explain and analyse

the human experience, it's important to look at it from

all of these perspectives.

We can't just look at an issue like teenage depression

rates and explain it just biologically.

We have to look at it from all of these

perspectives to get a better picture of what the human

experience is like, you know, together, all six of these

can create a better Understand It's not just one in

isolation. So this is kind of why we start here

is because it kind of gets us talking in these

different ways and looking at psychological problems and issues from

multiple perspectives.

So what we're gonna do from here on out is

we're gonna do a little bit of practice.

You're gonna have the chance to be the psychologist and

look at a case study and say, I think they

did this because of this biological reason where I think

they did it because of this humanistic reasons.

So we're gonna do a lot of practice with applying

these different perspectives.

As always.

If you have any questions, please feel free to reason.

Reach out.

Be a canvas shot, email, Whatever you could find me

Perspectives in Psychology

Audio TranscriptAuto-generated