Antimicrobial Resistance Presentation

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by Lindsay Arbing3 views·Updated Jul 15, 2024
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  1. Hi, my name is Lindsay Orbing.
  2. And today I will be discussing antimicrobial resistance.
  3. What is antimicrobial resistance?
  4. This occurs when bacteria, viruses,
  5. fungi and parasites no longer respond to antimicrobial medicines.
  6. Antimicrobial resistance was estimated to be responsible
  7. for 1.27 million global deaths in 2019
  8. and contributed to 4.95 million deaths.
  9. Antimicrobial agents can be divided into groups
  10. based on the mechanism of antimicrobial activity.
  11. This is agents that inhibit cell wall synthesis
  12. to polarize the cell membrane, inhibit protein synthesis,
  13. nucleic acid synthesis and metabolic pathways and bacteria.
  14. By understanding in these mechanisms,
  15. scientists and medical professionals can choose the appropriate
  16. antimicrobial agent to target specific bacterial infections.
  17. Anti
  18. antimicrobial resistance traits are genetically coded and
  19. can be either intrinsic or acquired.
  20. Intrinsic resistance is the innate ability of a bacterial
  21. species to resist activity of a particular antimicrobial agent
  22. through its inherent structural or functional characteristics which allow
  23. tolerance of a particular drug or antimicrobial class.
  24. Knowledge of intrinsic resistance is important in clinical
  25. practice to avoid inappropriate and ineffective therapies for
  26. bacterial pathogens that are naturally sensitive to a
  27. large number of antimicrobial classes such as MYOB
  28. bacterium, tuberculosis
  29. this consideration can pose a limitation in the range
  30. of treatment options and thus increase the risk for acquired
  31. in
  32. uh acquired resistance.
  33. As for
  34. acquired
  35. resistance is said to occur when a
  36. particular microorganism obtains the ability to resist
  37. the activity of a particular antimicrobial agent
  38. to which it was previously susceptible to.
  39. Environment plays a key role in development,
  40. transmission and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
  41. Exposure can occur with polluted water
  42. contaminated foods and inhalation of fungal spores.
  43. Therefore, the response must be based on a one health approach.
  44. Recognizing that humans, animals,
  45. plants and environment are interconnected and indivisible at the
  46. global regional and local levels from all sectors,
  47. stakeholders and institutions.
  48. Some way to combat the spread of antimicrobial resistance can be seen in the food
  49. and agriculture sector by limiting use in reduced
  50. discharges to protect water sources from pollutants,
  51. resistance micro organisms
  52. and antimicrobial residue contamination.
  53. As for the health care se sector,
  54. installing hospital specific wastewater treat treatment systems,
  55. especially in locations without modern community,
  56. wastewater treatment plants can help to combat this.
  57. There are several antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods available today
  58. and each one has its respective advantages and disadvantages.
  59. They all have the same goal.
  60. However,
  61. which is to provide reliable prediction of whether an infection caused by
  62. a bacterial isolate will respond therapeutically
  63. to a particular antibiotic treatment.
  64. Some examples of antibiotic susceptibility testing methods can be dilution,
  65. disc, diffusion gradient diffusion mechanism, specific tests
  66. and resistant gene detection.
  67. Thank you for listening to my presentation and I hope you learn something new.
  68. Mhm.