Talmud

Hi, everybody.

Today we are continuing our conversation about aural Tora, and

we are going thio be introduced to just one part

of a big book or Siris of books known as

the Talmud, which is a collection of both oral Torah

and commentaries or new ideas, um, and interpretations of the

Oral Torah.

We're going to start by reviewing what is Oral Torah?

Where does that idea come from?

So according to traditional interpretations, both the oral Torah and

the written Torah were revealed to Moses on Mount Sinai

by God.

And unlike the written Torah, which of course, was written

down, the oral Torah was received, revealed and received orally

or out loud, not in writing.

So this means that Moses heard it as opposed to

reading it.

Then, of course, Moses passed it down through the generations

until it came to be written down after the destruction

of the Second Temple, which is when the rabbis decided

that, you know, in order for Judaism to continue to

exist, they really needed an organized system for figuring out

how people could live Jewish lives even without a temple.

And the oral Torah was compiled or written down and

gathered together approximately 2.

22 6.

20 c e.

So you can see that it took a long time

to gather all of these different ideas and all of

this different information together.

And we're just not exactly sure about the specific date,

So you can go with this this date range.

So the Talmud is this big Siris of books.

And if you were to open one of them up,

you would see a page that looks something like this.

Even though we're not going to talk about everything in

this black box over here on the left, I do

want you to write down those terms.

Um, they as you can see in this picture or

if you want a screenshot the picture additionally, to put

in your notes, that's fine.

Um, they correspond to some different components of the Talmud.

The only one that we are going to talk about

today is the mission, which is this part that's in

the middle kind of pink on a Talmud on an

actual talented page.

It wouldn't necessarily be pink.

That's just part of this, um, part of this illustration

here. So what is the mission?

So the mission is the first written summary of Oral

Torah. So we have this Orel Tora concept, and it's

get the information gets passed down through each generation.

One person tells it to the next person.

And then sometime between the destruction of the temple on

around 2 20 c e Um, Rabbi Judah Hannah C.

Uh, compiles all of it into maybe not one book,

but 11 collection of material and Rabbi Judah Hannah C

is the one who gets credit for this.

This project of compiling all the oral Torah will read

this text in a minute, but you can see it,

says Rabbi Judah says That's referring to Rabbi Judah.

So in the in the mission you'll see, sometimes you'll

see the term Rob or Robbie referring to Rabbi.

But the scholars who are named in the Mission A

are known as the These are the people who lived

during this generation.

That's what that's what they were known as They weren't

called, um, doctors or professors.

They were called, which comes from the the Aramaic word

for someone who was able to learn something and to

repeat it.

So they had all of this information in their brains.

All of this oral Torah and they would recited.

And eventually this eyes what Rabbi Judah Hennessy compiled in

the Michener.

So when it comes Thio the structure of the mission,

it's different from the because in the you have books

you have chapters you have versus instead in the mission

A You have six orders these air like the big,

big sections.

Um and there are six of them, and then those

are further subdivided into 63 track dates.

Now, depending on the track tape, um, that might also

be quite long.

That might also be a few books on a shelf.

Um, however, these are the smaller division so that you

would be the which is divided into orders, which is

divided into track tapes.

And if you were looking at a section of mission

which we're going to dio here and we're also going

to do in class, um, you would see that the

mission a contains some very condensed writing.

So it's not, um it's not like reading Ah ah,

book or literature.

It's not that they're trying to tell this whole big

story, etcetera.

They're trying to get a lot of information across in

a very few words.

Um, you don't need toe right down within this white

box, but I just want you to listen as I

read it and see if you can appreciate how how

condensed, how dense this writing is so in mission abroad

hoped for, it says for one.

The morning to Phila Shakeri is until midday, So that's

up until the time until you can say Shakeri, Rabbi

Judah says, until the fourth hour that the afternoon to

Phila until evening, Rabbi Judah says, until the middle of

the afternoon, the evening prayer has no fixed time.

The time for the additional prayers Moose off is the

whole day, Rabbi Judah says, until the seventh hour.

So in this very short paragraph here, they have talked

about four different prayer service is they've offered one or

two opinions about the timing for each one, and they've

shown you how a day of prayer might look so

all of that in very few words and again very,

very condensed.

You do see, um, you do see Rabbi Judah Hannah.

See, his name is in here.

Although, um, his name is Martin.

Every passage, but here it is quoting in his name.

So this is one example of mission.

When we come back together in class, we are going

thio. Look at a few other examples of mission is

so that we can get more of a sense of

what it might sound like.

And then when we come back together and either next

class or in two classes, we'll talk more about what

this other part of the Talmud is.

What is the Gamarra?

Talmud

Audio TranscriptAuto-generated