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by Rick Hendriks1 view·Updated Jul 23, 2021
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  1. Hello and thank you for watching this video presentation.
  2. During this presentation.
  3. I will tell you about research that I've done during
  4. my bachelor thesis.
  5. I will go over its scientific and social to importance
  6. the underlying ethics and the results that came out of
  7. it. So my research focused on a specific noted component
  8. reaction. Not the component reactions are different from ordinary chemical
  9. reactions because in these reactions three or more starting materials
  10. represented, here's A.
  11. B. And C.
  12. Are all reacted together at once to form the end
  13. product D.
  14. On a certain reaction conditions.
  15. We can use this puzzle scheme as a metaphor to
  16. illustrate the difference.
  17. So in this metaphor the puzzle pieces are the different
  18. starting materials that are put together to form the product
  19. or in this case of the puzzle, the route above
  20. is the ordinary way for reacting three or more starting
  21. materials in order to form a single product.
  22. Well first two pieces of the puzzle put together to
  23. form the blue slash green intermediate.
  24. Afterwards, every single piece of the puzzle is evident separately
  25. throughout underneath shows the way of multi component reactions where
  26. all the pieces are put together at once to complete
  27. the puzzle.
  28. This is also referred to as a one pot synthesis.
  29. The strategy of doing reaction and sweating.
  30. Multi component reaction is interesting because of a couple of
  31. reasons. The first big advantage is that they are relatively
  32. short synthesis reactions because only one reaction takes place instead
  33. of having to do multiple reactions.
  34. This allows for a fast examination of hypotheses.
  35. Another reason why multi component reactions are interesting is that
  36. they usually lead to lower waste production because almost all
  37. atoms that are present in starting materials end up in
  38. the product as well.
  39. So these two reasons also make multi component reaction interested
  40. in for other applications, such as automated synthesis.
  41. The specific reaction that I worked on during my jesus
  42. looks like this, and as you can see the three
  43. starting materials A B and C.
  44. Are reacted together at once to form the end product
  45. D. This reaction was found to work previously and my
  46. task was to examine scope of this reaction or in
  47. other words examine how widely applicable reaction is.
  48. This was done by modifying starting material a differently each
  49. time, and try and see if the reaction still works
  50. and if so, every reaction works better or worse than
  51. for the unmodified starting material.
  52. By doing this, it is possible to prove that many
  53. other different chemicals can be synthesized via this reaction.
  54. So to be clear the products that were formed during
  55. my thesis are not yet useful products, but the importance
  56. of this research was to see if this specific reaction
  57. could be used in the future to make useful products
  58. while maintaining the interesting characters of multi component reactions.
  59. Looking at the underlying ethics of synthetic chemistry, the cases
  60. can be grouped based on the relevant relevant domain.
  61. Some cases are related to the individual chemists or the
  62. chemical community, which is the internal domain and some are
  63. related to the impact of chemistry on social, economic and
  64. environmental spheres, which is referred to as the external domain.
  65. For the internal domain.
  66. Three different ethical cases are considered to.
  67. The first case is the good scientific practice, but it
  68. is important important that researchers follow guidelines of good scientific
  69. practice to ensure a high degree of scientific integrity.
  70. This mostly includes things such as intellectual honesty and objectivity,
  71. so no fake results or pleasures republication aspect.
  72. You need to think about the right use of citations
  73. in your publication, sensitization has an impact on impact on
  74. priority ranking and visibility of researchers.
  75. The act of citing miss citing or not citing has
  76. a strong influence on scientific practice and progress.
  77. The safety issues are pretty obvious.
  78. And here it is important to consider that violating safety
  79. regulations and guidelines for labs that involve the handling of
  80. harmful substances, affects the safety of individual lap workers and
  81. colleagues as well as local or even regional public and
  82. environment. Yeah, the external main also tree ethical cases are
  83. considered. So the first case considers the impact of the
  84. design of new substances on the world and its societies
  85. sometimes with negative results when pointing out chemistries, characteristics.
  86. In comparison to other sciences, one might find creativity, flexible,
  87. applicability and inductive knowledge.
  88. And each one of these expects is accompanied with its
  89. own ethical and social implications.
  90. The risk and science aspect considers the risk versus benefits
  91. assessment, which is not solved and might never be because
  92. of the duality of the use of chemical substances.
  93. You can think about explosives for example, and the fact
  94. that risk is not a quantitative entity and it changes
  95. over time and last but not least, Chemistry and its
  96. progress is intertwined with and embedded into the development of
  97. economy, society and culture.
  98. Questions that occurrence considered here are how sustainable is chemistry?
  99. Can it be improved and what our particular options for
  100. a chemist to support sustainable development?
  101. Yeah. So in conclusion, the research I performed during my
  102. thesis showed no product formation for four out of the
  103. six different starting materials that were tested and only a
  104. small amount of product formation for the other two.
  105. Although it might be the case that this reaction just
  106. does not work with other starting materials other than the
  107. unmodified one.
  108. This is most probably not the case.
  109. Since later, it was concluded that the water present and
  110. started that there was water present and starting materials, which
  111. has a negative impact on this specific reaction, making this
  112. result and reliable.
  113. So it cannot be said.
  114. Yet, whether the examined reaction is widely applicable or not
  115. for future examination, it will therefore be very important to
  116. make sure that all starting materials that are used are
  117. completely trying.
  118. And this was my presentation.
  119. I hope you like it and thank you for watching.