The Englightenment

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by Dyann Jansen4 views·Updated Jan 25, 2021
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  1. thes air the notes for the Enlightenment and Ingenuity unit
  2. for the Magna Carta.
  3. The power of kings For much of the European history,
  4. monarchies ruled European countries, kings and queens held absolute power
  5. in the common people had little to say in the
  6. laws or how they were enforced.
  7. The Magna Carta and 12 15 English nobles firt forced
  8. King John to sign the Magna Carter.
  9. It guaranteed certain rights to English citizens, and it established
  10. the idea that even kings and queens had to obey
  11. the law.
  12. The power of ideas.
  13. The Magna Carta helped to change people's ideas about government,
  14. People began to ask.
  15. Are people born with special rights that must be respected?
  16. Should citizens have more say in what their government does?
  17. Do people have the right to overthrow and unjust government?
  18. These were the words that will help you understand the
  19. lesson. Natural rights, the rights that people are born with
  20. and not granted or denied by the government.
  21. Separation of power.
  22. The theory.
  23. The theory that government should be split into three branches
  24. so no branch will acquire too much power social contract,
  25. the agreement of a people to form and obey a
  26. government. Mhm Dominion of England.
  27. In 16 86 King James the second, wanted more control
  28. over the American colonies.
  29. They combined the New England colonies with New Jersey and
  30. New York to form the Dominion of England.
  31. It took away some of the Dominion colonies rights to
  32. govern themselves, limiting self government.
  33. The royal governor, Sir Edmund Andrews, past unpopular laws and
  34. took away many rights of a self government.
  35. He created new taxes and land ownership laws.
  36. He limited town meetings and held Church of England.
  37. Service is in a Puritan church without permission.
  38. The colonies protest.
  39. The colonists felt Andrews actions were unfair for two reason.
  40. It threatened the colonists right to property, to govern themselves
  41. into worship freely, and it validated the rights protected by
  42. the Magna Carta.
  43. It also led to dissent in England.
  44. James the second was also unpopular in England.
  45. English Protestants were upset that his policy supported Catholics.
  46. Parliament invited William of Orange and his wife, Mary, to
  47. rule England.
  48. This led to the glorious revolution.
  49. The peaceful overthrow of James's second in 16 88 was
  50. called the Glorious Revolution.
  51. William and Mary became joint monarchs.
  52. The glorious revolution led to the end of the Dominion
  53. of New England, the English Bill of Rights to prevent
  54. future abuses of power, Parliament limited the power of William
  55. and Mary and all future monarchs, bypassing the English Bill
  56. of Rights.
  57. This is a set of laws.
  58. It made parliament, which represents the people, the main ruling
  59. body of England.
  60. It limited the royal power to tax, raise an army
  61. or suspend laws without Parliament's approval.
  62. And it granted freedom of speech and elections for Parliament.
  63. This had influence on the colonies.
  64. The glorious revolution ended the Dominion of England in 16
  65. 89 the English Bill of rights providing a model for
  66. a representative government.
  67. And they both supported the idea that citizens had the
  68. rights that government must respect enlightenment.
  69. This is the period in the European history.
  70. During the 16 hundreds and 17 hundreds, Enlightenment thinkers try
  71. to use reasons, reason to understand the way the world
  72. works and improve life questions.
  73. There are enlightenment questions.
  74. Enlightenment thinkers asked three key questions about government.
  75. Where does government get its authority from what kind of
  76. natural rights to humans have?
  77. And does the government have a responsibility to respect the
  78. rights of its citizens.
  79. John Locke, he was an English philosopher, wrote many works,
  80. including To Treat Sees of government.
  81. He supported democracy, believed everyone was born with certain his
  82. ideas. He argued that everyone is born with a key
  83. natural rights that are not given by the government, and
  84. the government cannot take them away like life, liberty and
  85. property. Social Contract Locked believed there was a social contract
  86. between the government and its people.
  87. The people agreed to obey the government as long as
  88. it defends their right and people have the right to
  89. overthrow an unjust government.
  90. John Shock Russo was a French philosopher.
  91. He wrote many works, including the social contract, he argued.
  92. Government gets its authority from the consent of the people
  93. they promoted ideas of democracy and a representative government.
  94. Baron Daemon Task you He was a French enlightenment thinker
  95. who wrote the spirit of laws.
  96. He supported separation of powers, which says government should be
  97. split into branches so that no branch has too much
  98. power. There are three branches of government.
  99. The legislative, which makes the law, the executive which enforces
  100. the law, and the judicial which interprets the law.
  101. Voltaire, a French philosopher, who argued in favor of religious
  102. toleration, He argued, everyone should be free to worship as
  103. they wish without persecution.
  104. He influenced American colonists such as Thomas Jefferson.
  105. People have natural rights locks Idea convinced columnists that they
  106. have natural rights in the Declaration of Independence.
  107. Thomas Jefferson would call these unalienable rights.
  108. They include life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
  109. Government should represent people.
  110. Locke and Russo argued that government got its power from
  111. consent and the governed people must have a say in
  112. making the laws they follow.
  113. Many columnists agreed, and a imposed taxation without representation in
  114. parliament. Religious freedom is essential.
  115. Voltaire's belief in religious freedom influence the First Amendment of
  116. the first future.
  117. U. S.
  118. Constitution Government is forbidden to establish a religion and individual's
  119. rights to practice their own.
  120. Religion is guaranteed, unjust governments can be thrown.
  121. The example of the glorious revolution convinced the colonists they
  122. had a right to overthrow and unjust government.
  123. Colonial leaders and writers argued that the king had violated
  124. the colonists right.
  125. They believed the king had lost their right, his right
  126. to rule them.
  127. Now you can use the link below to study for
  128. the quiz, use it as many times as you want
  129. so that you can get a very good grade