Photosynthesis

Hello, everybody.

And welcome today to another class.

So today's topic is photosynthesis.

So welcome, guys.

And get out your note.

So what's up with photosynthesis?

What is it?

Okay. Well, photosynthesis is the process by which plants make

their own energy source their own chemical energy source.

So what plans do is they transform energy?

Solar energy.

Okay, luminescent energy into chemical energy.

So the reaction by which the plans carry on this

is as follows.

Okay, They take sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.

Then, through a Siris of reactions that make up photosynthesis,

it will produce glucose and oxygen so the plant can

produce its own sugar.

And in fact, they're the ones in charge of capturing

that solar energy and making it available for us.

Okay, so let's go ahead.

And first take a look at the different components.

Notice how we have some night carbon dioxide and water

as the components for photosynthesis that they're reacting.

So how does the plant gets sunlight, carbon dioxide and

water. So, first of all, carbon dioxide.

So you probably have not ever notice or thought about

this, how the plant gets carbon dioxide.

So how does he do it?

Well, if you look at the bottom of the leaves,

okay. On the bottom section, they have tiny little openings.

Okay, that looks like lips.

Here, you can see on the green space.

Those openings are called stomach.

Okay. Opens to let carbon dioxide into the leaf.

Okay. It regulates how much carbon dioxide there is.

Okay, but also at the same time as it opens

them. Okay, this Tamada, it will release water.

Okay. So plants will regulate when they open thes poor's

because it has a price for them.

They have to let off go of some water in

order to get carbon dioxide ID.

Okay. Air pollution has some negative impacts on still Mata.

So think about this.

Reflect on this question, how do you think plants okay

are affected?

Okay. By air pollution in more specific cases, this Tamara

and the carbon dioxide write it down in your notes.

What do you think?

How do you think they're effect?

Okay, so now what?

How does the plan to get water?

We always put water on the roots, but it needs

to get to the top somehow so well.

Believe it or not, plans have veins as Well, so

plants have veins that take the water from the roots

where we put it up until the leaves.

Okay, these veins okay, are called asylum.

Okay. They are tiny, tiny tubes that take advantage of

capillary action.

Okay, to go ahead and bring water from the route

took the top of the plant regardless off gravity.

So the water will move against gravity and get to

the leaves by climbing up the wall off these Cavalleri

tze which are called the asylum.

Okay, so take notes of these words.

Remember, carbon dioxide came in through Samata.

Water comes in through the asylum, which is the vein

off the plant.

Okay, the vein that carries the water now, finally.

Okay. Uh huh.

What's the last part, son?

Okay, So how does the plant get the sunlight?

Well, in fact, Okay.

The plant has tiny little structures called the chloroplasts organelles.

We have talked about before, Okay?

And these organelles on the inside have structures called Fila

Coy's those that look like little coins.

The pill a coid.

Now the TeleChoice on the membrane, as you can see

here. Okay.

Off absorbs light.

Okay. Also noticed that air green and remember.

Okay. Based on, like theory that if something is perceived

in a certain color, it's because it's the color that

it's bouncing back from that object that your eyes are

proceeding. So if the plants and the chloroplast are green,

which light are they bouncing off?

Well, green light.

Okay, you even did a practice on this.

Okay, so that could explain why plants don't grow a

ZX well under green light.

Green light.

Okay, well, plans have multiple different pigments as well.

Okay. On these chloroplast within.

Okay. Within its Oregon house, these pigments.

Okay, let me show you what the pigments are.

Okay. They are different to different kinds of chlorophylls chlorophyll

A in chlorophyll, B and carotenoids.

Now, take a minute to take a look at this

graph, Which is okay, the highest wailing, the best absorption

off light that you can have.

Okay, on each of these pigments.

Okay, so let's look first at chlorophyll a the green

light green line.

So notice the light green line.

Okay, Now you see a pig pick here on blue

light. Okay, then if you notice here, light blue, green,

yellow. There's no absorption until you get toe orange.

Okay, so peak absorption Zahren blue and orange.

That means that's when chlorophyll eight absorbs the best.

Okay, Their energy.

Now chlorophyll be notice how it also absorbs in blue

Kim. And then you will see Okay, here.

Okay. On yellow.

Alright. That it absorbs a little bit between the yellow

and the orange.

Finally carotenoids.

Okay, Notice how their peak off absorption is.

Okay, light blue.

And that's when there is.

That's all there is light blue.

Okay. None of these plants have good absorption is between

the green and the yellow light, so Well, guess what?

That's probably what you just okay, prove it in your

last practice.

Okay? That lights do not grow well under blue.

Sorry. Under green and yellow light.

Okay. Because, well, they reflect those colors.

That's what They're green.

They're reflecting it back.

So they're not absorbing it.

Okay, so quite a fascinating outcome in there.

Okay, so this could explain why the different pigments absorb

different lights or wavelengths of life.

Well, let's go ahead and see then.

Which of these pigments do you think is responsible for

making plants look orange during the fall?

Okay, so think about this.

Which is the pigment that does not absorb any light

in orange.

Okay, probably as you can see here.

Okay. The plant.

It does not observe any.

Any light in the orange spectrum is the carotenoid.

So, in fact, any vegetable that you see okay, or

plant that you see that it's orange looking is because

the karate annoyed that pigment.

Okay, so quite interesting.

So finally, let's then talk again about for the synthesis.

So photosynthesis.

How courage when there's six.

Okay, molecules of carbon dioxide that as we saw coming

through. Okay, okay.

Encounter. Six molecules off water that flow off the leave

came into the leave through the asylum, but in absorbing

solar energy, carry on for the synthesis that produces one

glucose molecule and six molecules off oxygen gas.

Okay, so this is photosynthesis.

Take a pause and copy this down.

You do need to know what's up with it.

Okay. What are the chemicals and volt in photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide and water produced glucose and oxygen.

Okay. All right.

Now, what are the stages of photosynthesis?

How does this happen?

Well, we're going to learn that there are two faces,

Okay? It is divided into two stages.

It's called the light Dependent Reactions and the light independent

reactions. So light dependent reactions will take place in the

okay on the coin looking structure.

All the light independent in the liquid.

That's around.

So take a look at the structure here, guys.

Okay, Notice the coin looking structures.

That's where light dependent reactions take place on the membrane

light independent on the liquid around called Troma.

Okay, Strom.

Okay. Very good.

So light dependent and light independent.

That is the first type of reaction will require light

for it to be carried on.

The second type does not require light to be carried

on, but it does depend on the products from the

first reaction.

So they're in a row.

They need the products for the following.

So what are the products?

Well, the light dependent reactions produced two very important molecules

for nature called 80 p and N a D p

h. Okay, So what are they?

80 p is what we know.

Us Energy, N a.

D pH is ah, molecule that stores electrons.

It's a very powerful molecule.

Okay, N a D ph.

Now, 80 p.

And that other molecule and 80 ph are used in

this next set of reactions called the light Independent.

Now, okay, this light independent reactions, okay?

Their goal is to produce glucose.

Okay, The light independent reactions produce glucose.

And also, we know that process as the Calvin cycle.

Okay, so what do you need to remember?

What do you need to have your clear from this

slide or from this part?

Well, that light dependent reactions produce 80 p and n

80 ph and the light independent reactions produce glucose.

And it's also called a carbon cycle.

Okay, just the product.

Okay. Well, hopefully guys, you got a lot from photosynthesis

that it help you figure out OK, why did you

observe the results you absorb for your practice?

I'll see you guys tomorrow in class.

Good luck.

And well, any questions?

Remember? I can answer them through.

Remind so Well done, guys.

Congratulations. Take some very good notes and I'll see you

tomorrow. Bye.

Photosynthesis

Audio TranscriptAuto-generated