The fault in our stars

Hi. My name's Chris of the oils, and I decided

to do my research project on thyroid cancer, which is

what Hazel Grace, the main character, had throughout the The

doctor starts.

So this is the science behind.

They're worried.

And thyroid cancer kind of, um, thyroid cancer is really

rare. There's been less than 200,000 cases yearly in the

U. S.

Alone. Symptoms don't usually come early on, but there could

still be good.

Prognosis is and outcomes.

Usually the thyroid gland sits at the bottom or the

base. I should say of the neck.

Um, it's really important because it plays a part in

the end a cried system, which controls hormones and your

metabolism, your blood pressure, your body temperature, your heart rate,

all that kind of important stuff.

It controls all of that in your body, the whole

system. So there's a few different kinds of thyroid cells

that are important to know because each different kind of

sale come from it causes a different kind of cancer.

The first kind is the follicular, so this cell is

responsible for making iodine in um, making iodine in the

blood to produce a thyroid hormones that would regulate the

metabolism. So this particular self focused on regulating the metabolism.

So the thing about this cell is that it can

cause problems if there's too much or too little.

Um, if there's too many follicular cells, it can cause,

um, something called hyperthyroidism.

And this could lead toa irregular heartbeat trouble sleeping, UM,

weight loss and hunger at the same time.

High high body temperatures and anxiety.

Or maybe nervousness too little can cause hyperthyroidism, which can

cause you feel really fatigue and weak, and your body

just slows down slowly.

You can also weight gain since your metabolism slowing down

eso the next cell.

The time of the next thyroid cell is a pair

of follicular cell or also known a C cells.

Um, the called C cells because they produce calcitonin and

the calcitonin is what determines what how much calcium you

make in your blood again.

This is important because, um, these certain deficiencies is what

leads to the cancer.

Okay, so these air some less common thyroid cells.

This on the left is a lymphocyte, and on the

right is a struggle.

So there is benign thyroid complications that people do think

could be cancer when they see it as a patient,

or it could just look like a mass.

So it is scary.

But most of the time these are benign.

So on the left you see on the left you

see a knife use going here whiter and what that

means. Basically, it's the whole gland is swollen or enlarged,

and not just one side or one lobe of it,

but the whole gland on the right side.

You see where it says Nagy ular.

Those are little bumps.

Nagy ular bumps on top of the glands, so it's

not just enlarged, but there's also little bumps on top.

This is just thyroid enlargement, also known as the um,

and most of the time it's usually just caused by,

ah, hormone imbalance.

So so these air thyroid nodule similar to what I

just said, Um, 32 to 3 out of 10 times

at a 20.

It can be cancerous.

Um, but not in most cases it can cause hyperthyroidism,

which is what I was just talking about where you

could get the irregular heartbeat, the trouble, sleeping anxiety and

weight loss.

Um, so most of the NA jewels are just cysts

that air filled with fluid or sport thyroid hormone fluid.

Our Lloyd, um, solid modules are more of a bad

sign or nah, jewels with less fluid, because those are

more cancers.

And that's what doctors worry about more is the solid

masses. If the doctor sees that the nodule is benign,

then you can leave it there.

You can choose toe, um, having not have not not

have surgery.

And just watch it closely and make sure that it

doesn't become bigger of a problem, because then you may

have thio get treatment for it.

So the three main types of thyroid cancer are different.

Differentiated thyroid cancers.

The first one is papillary eight out of 10 times.

Um, if you have thyroid cancer, it's popular.

Airy. It's the most common.

Um often grows slowly and one gland rather than both.

Usually it spreads to the lymph nodes or the throat,

but even if it does, then you can still catch

it and get it surgically removed.

The prognosis for popular Ari is usually good.

The next one is follicular cancer or follicular carcinoma or

follicular Andrew carcinoma.

Um, this one is the next closest, most common thyroid

cancer. It's one of the 10 chances if you have

thyroid cancer, that you have follicular cancer.

Um, this is common in countries with less iodine.

Resource is because follicular cancer comes from a political er

deficiency, which is the thyroid hormones.

Now, the thing about molecular cancer it probably won't spread

to your lymph nodes, but it will most likely spread

to your bones or your lungs, so prognosis isn't really

as good as the popular cancer.

But in some cases there is still really good, Um,

outcomes. The last cancer, the Hertha or the Oxy feel

Cell carcinoma, um, is very rare.

It's a 3% chance of you getting it if you

get thyroid cancer.

Um, if there's not much resource resource is, they have

found about it, and there's not much research they have,

since it's hard to find and heard it to treat.

Since it is harder to treat than the prognosis is

also not, that's good.

So this is modular thyroid carcinoma or MTC.

Um, if you have thyroid cancer, the likeliness and you're

getting this is 4%.

MTC usually develops from T cells, and it can spread

to your lymph nodes.

your lungs and your liver.

This this strain of thyroid cancer is harder to find.

Anti treat.

What we do know so far is that there's two

kinds and it's sporadic and familiar.

This four dick is eight out of 10, mostly what

you will get if you have MTC.

Um, it's not hereditary.

You can't get it through your genetics, and it occurs

mostly in adults.

If you have sporadic MTC, you probably only have it

in once one lobe of your thyroid em.

If you have familial MTC, you had probably inherited 25

out of 20 25% of the time.

You have probably inherit today, um, you can develop it

at a really young age and not know and come

to find out when you're like a young adult or

an adult, and it could bring your complications.

This cancer usually comes in both lobes, so the next

cancer is an A plastic or undifferentiated.

Um, if you have thyroid cancer, the likeliness of you

getting this cancer is 2%.

It can be developed from untreated, papillary or follicular cancer

and often spreads really quick toe other organs.

Um, it comes really hard to treat.

It's undifferentiated because although it does, um, it can grow

from Philip Color and popular cancer, which is differentiated.

It doesn't look the same.

It doesn't look like normal thyroid cells.

Um, there's also some less common thyroid cancers that are

less than 4% likely.

Thio, like you're less than 4% likely to carry if

you get thyroid cancer.

And that would be thyroid lymphomas, thyroid star comas and

some other rare tumors.

Um, that's my presentation on types of thyroid cancer.

The fault in our stars

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