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by Teiausha Howell0 views·Updated Jan 20, 2022
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  1. Hey everyone. I'm Tasha and um I did my presentation on jane PJ.
  2. He was famous for history of cognitive development.
  3. Um that looked at how Children developed.
  4. He was born in Switzerland
  5. and from an early age he was interested in natural sciences.
  6. By the time he was 11 he started his career as a researcher
  7. with his with writing his first short paper.
  8. He continued on his education and natural sciences and received his PhD in zoology.
  9. After working with Alfred Bennett,
  10. who was um
  11. a french psychologist,
  12. um Jane PJ became interested in intellectual development of Children.
  13. Cognitive theory is the construction
  14. and thought processes that includes remembering
  15. um
  16. problem solving, decision making.
  17. Um from childhood all the way to adulthood.
  18. It refers to how a person perceives things
  19. um how they gain
  20. um an understanding of
  21. their world through um interaction of genetic and learned factors.
  22. Among the areas of cognitive development are information processing,
  23. intelligence,
  24. reasoning, language development and memory.
  25. According to jane PJ.
  26. Um There are two processes at work in
  27. cognitive development which are assimilation and accommodation.
  28. Um cognitive growth is the result of
  29. the constant interweaving of assimilation and accommodation.
  30. He proposed that um cognitive development um occurs as we
  31. adapt to the world that constantly change around us.
  32. And um according to him,
  33. adaptation to the world around us occurs
  34. through too closely relative related accommodations,
  35. assimilation.
  36. Um
  37. It involves the process of taking in new information and fitting
  38. it into and making it a part of an example existing.
  39. Excuse me, mental idea
  40. about objects or the world.
  41. Um Here's an example. Um An infant may see a truck,
  42. um and call it a car, because the infant schema only has knowledge of cars,
  43. accommodation.
  44. Sometimes we cannot assimilate information into our existing schema,
  45. therefore we must accommodate,
  46. and it refers to changing an existing scheme to fit
  47. and with new information.
  48. Um Next up is um the four stages of cognitive development
  49. according to jane PJ
  50. Children process,
  51. process progress through a series of key or stages of cognitive development.
  52. Um stage 1 um
  53. is the
  54. um the sensor sensory motor stage.
  55. It's from birth all the way to two years old.
  56. Um and at this stage,
  57. um
  58. they only pretty much know the world through just senses and action.
  59. Stage two is
  60. pre operational.
  61. It ranges from 2-7 and they understand through um mainly just language.
  62. Start they start talking
  63. um and mental images.
  64. Stage three is concrete operational
  65. And their age range
  66. is 7 - 12.
  67. Um They have an understanding through logical thinking and um categories
  68. in the last and final stage
  69. is formal operational
  70. And it's from age 12 on to adulthood,
  71. they have an understanding through hypothetical thinking and
  72. um scientific
  73. reasoning
  74. about the theory in action.
  75. Um jane PJ's theory asserts that Children
  76. go through all the same developmental stages,
  77. but at different rates.
  78. Um And because of this,
  79. teachers must make special effort
  80. to arrange classroom activities for individuals
  81. and groups of Children rather than for the whole
  82. class group,
  83. since everyone learns
  84. differently.
  85. Um Here are some examples of the theory in action
  86. for a toddler. It would be uh letters and um number games.
  87. So the letters and numbers are the
  88. foundation for language and mathematical reasoning.
  89. So it's
  90. an innovative idea
  91. for a toddler with the alphabet and counting before preschool and kindergarten.
  92. Um learn the alphabet song play with the alphabet blocks or magnet
  93. um or taping a letter cutouts to objects
  94. probably
  95. that the name whose name starts with that letter,
  96. um cognitive activity for toddlers logic.
  97. I would be simple routines and procedures
  98. Starting at like the age of two.
  99. Um
  100. 2-3. A toddler should develop the ability to respond to simple instructions
  101. start forming routines.
  102. So when it's time to get dressed off for like a couple of outfits
  103. or eating, offering a choice
  104. when it comes to eating or different snacks.
  105. Um
  106. This way you're feeding the toddler's desire for independence while remaining
  107. in control.
  108. How does the theory apply to teaching and classroom management?
  109. Um one Jane PJ recommends that teachers
  110. take an active mentoring role
  111. towards all students instead of pushing the information on to the students,
  112. um share a learning experience and encourage students to be active and engaged.
  113. Um supplement traditional lectures with relevant hands on classroom activities,
  114. elects the students experience and see the content for themselves.
  115. Um encourage students to learn from their peers,
  116. It's very especially relevant for Children and the ages of 2-7.
  117. Um But it applies to all students of all ages
  118. learning to listen thoughtfully and sensitively to their peers
  119. in respect of r a variety of different viewpoints.
  120. Um It will provide lifelong benefits for students
  121. um since all students excel at different areas of knowledge,
  122. learning from peers also provides a thorough education,
  123. um
  124. behavioral and cognitive development theory and teaching continued
  125. um allow the students to learn from their mistakes.
  126. Uh Jane PJ believed that Children develop knowledge
  127. about the world through trial and error.
  128. Um mistakes will be made and it can be frustrating for students as well as teachers
  129. um but try to be patient and guide the student
  130. um toward a different conclusion,
  131. like let them know that it's okay to make mistakes,
  132. um
  133. focus on the process as well as the result,
  134. instead of focusing on having one right answer.
  135. Pay attention to the many different steps it takes to teach
  136. uh to reach a finished product,
  137. jane PJ encouraged independent hands on
  138. learning and opportunities for discovery,
  139. plan a variety of classroom activities that accommodate
  140. different learning styles such as visual and auditory.
  141. Okay,
  142. thank you for listening and watching um my presentation on jane PJ.