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biology poster

Transcript: cell Your name / Your company dd/mm/yyyy The Nucleus the Nucleus is like the driver because the driver instructs the car machinery on what to do, and the Nucleus instructs the cell on what to do The Nucleus Cell membrane Cell membrane The Cell membrane is like the car frame because just like the frame the cell membrane is meant to protect the inside of the cell just like the car frame protects the interior The Cytoplasm The Cytoplasm The Cytoplasm is like the car's hood, the hood of the car protects important organelles needed to make the car run smoothly. The cytoplasm contains all the organelles and protects them The Ribosomes The Ribosomes The Ribosomes is just like the transmission of the car. The transmission is where the steering wheel, the breaks and the clutch are all found. Like the ribosomes, the applicant of the transmission the car could functions but not go anywhere The endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum can be compared to all the cars pipes and electrical circuits found all throughout the car, like the ER the pipes and wires carry multiple different things to different places within the car Golgi apparatus Golgi apparatus The Golgi apparatus is like the fuel tank because they both package things for secretion or send the fuel to the motor for it to run The mitochondria the mitochondria The mitochondria provides the energy the cell needs to move and function just like a cars motor, they both provide energy that moves either the cell or the car The vesicles The vesicles The vesicles are used when a molecule needs to move multiple times, the vesicles are a lot like wheels and axles on the car because they both are used to transport objects to their destinations multiple times if needed

Biology poster

Transcript: Transportation of materials throughout the cell. Endocytosis and Exocytosis Endocytosis (a), is used for bulk transport of particles into cells, and occurs when part of the cell membrane forms around a particle, which moves into a vesicle, which moves into the cytosol. Exocytosis (b), is used for the bulk transport of particles out of cells, and occurs when vesicles within the cytosol fuse with cell membrane and the contents of the vesicle are released from the cell. Unicellular protists like Amoeba use Endocytosis to obtain the energy they need to live by engulfing large 'food' particles in sacs and digesting them. The Golgi Apparatus uses exocytosis to secrete its product from the cell. Diffusion (a), is the net movement of a substance, typically in a solution, from a region of high concentration of the substance to a region of low concentration, and this process doesn't require energy to occur, hence the term 'Free Transport'. Lipophilic substances can cross cell membranes readily, due to their ability to mix in or dissolve in with the lipids. Some substances that are unable to carry out simple diffusion through the phospholipid bilayer can gain free passage through the membrane with the assistance of protein channels (b). However, sometimes a protein channel alone isn't sufficient and a carrier molecule (c) is required to move the molecules down the concentration gradient through a protein channel. When a specific carrier molecule is required, the kind of movement is also called facilitated diffusion. Hydrophilic substances would need to use methods such as this, as they do not easily dissolve or mix in with the lipids. Active transport (d), is the net movement of dissolved substances into or out of cells against a concentration gradient. Because this movement is against a concentration gradient, it requires energy. The process involves a carrier protein for each substance that is actively transported. by Martin Chadderton Free Transport (Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion) and Active Transport Osmosis is a special case of diffusion. The process of Osmosis occurs when a net movement of water molecules occurs by diffusion across a cell membrane either into or out of a cell. Osmosis is the primary means by which water is transported into or out of cells. Osmosis

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