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Forensic Anthropology
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Forensic Anthropology
Taphonomic processes
Forensic Odontology
Any environmental factor that affects the body after death.
physical-
mechanical
thermal
chemical or biological-
fungi, bacteria beetles
plants
animals
man
Why forensic anthropology?
Uses knowledge the study of anatomy, growth and diseases associated with teeth and gums to…
make identification
Help in criminal investigations
Dental Records-
ME sends teeth, skull or jawbone to forensic odontologist.
Usually have a presumptive identification.
Will use the remains and any dental records to make a comparison.
Bitemark evidence has fallen out of favor- unknown error rate and no SOP.
Dry remains- The stage where the skin and soft tissues are no longer present (or in very limited amounts)
The longest stage of decomposition
Bones also decay in time
weathering, sun, hail, plants can cause damage that looks like trauma
Types of Cases-
In criminal justice cases
human rights violations
historical mysteries
mass disasters
Scavengers
Raccoons- eat soft tissue from below skin surface and will take hands and feet.
Vultures- eat soft tissue, wide ranging scatter, they fight so will fly off to eat alone.
Rodents- like the minerals in the cortical bone and use the surface to sharpen their teeth
Squirrels- like dry bone
Rats- will gnaw and eat the fat from the end of the bone
Dogs- gnaw for fat
Recovery and Processing of Remians
Forensic Entomology
Flies and maggots also provide an approximate time of death, very useful for cases where the body has been long dead. Only certain insects will feed and lay eggs on a dead corpse and forensic entomologists study these insects, their larvae cycles and thereafter can determine whether a body has been dead for just one day or up to 3 or 4 weeks or more.
allows for organized search
documentation
mapping
measurements
collection
processing
preservation
Studies the identifying characteristics of skeleton remains to demonstrate…
A biological profile
Help determine the cause of death
post mortem internval (PMI)
provide a positive ID
Info like-
Gender
Race
Height
Physical health
Right or left handed
Lifestyle information
Skeletal trauma