Balance of Power
Balance of Power
Distribution of power in the international system
balance: no state is strong enough to overwhelm the others
Globalization
Cooperation Under Anarchy
Posc 1000 - Intro to Political Science
photo credit Nasa / Goddard Space Flight Center / Reto Stöckli
Broad pattern of co-operation within a specific issue-area
May include international organizations, but may also have other components
I.e. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Regime
NPT - Non-Proliferation Treaty
Various organizations
Different states have different domestic rules
International Regime
Based on equality of states
“anarchic” (order without government)
lack sovereignty at level higher than the state
International system
Placement of symbolic, lightly armed forces between two combatants who have agreed to stop fighting
U.N peacekeeping forces
Peacekeeping
Body of rules that states observe among themselves
States must enforce themselves, or agree to forms of enforcement
International Law
Process and consequences of increasing ease of movement of goods, services, money, people, and ideas between states.
Commitment by states to act jointly against a state(s) that threatens peace
UN - United Nations
Security Council of UN
NATO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Collective Security
Post-WW2 to 1989
(United States and the Soviet Union)
Bipolar System
2 strong states (hegemons) dominate
Cold War
WTO - World Trade Organization
UN - United Nations
OAS - Organization of American States
International Organizations
A formal body, usually based on a founding charter or statute (treaty) signed by member states
May act within specific issue-areas in accordance with the grant of authority, using means provided in its charter
International Organization
System of formal, regularized communication among states that helps to facilitate conducting relations and business with each other
Treaties
Legally binding international agreements
May create organizations
Difficult to enforce
Law of the Sea
Traditionally based on customary law
UN Law of the Sea - outlines rights and obligations
Exclusive Economic Zones - preferential rights within 200 mile limits
Climate Change
1972 - UN Environment Programme
1997 - Kyoto Protocol
"tragedy of the commons"
Diplomacy
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Not-for-profit organization, not associated with a government
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