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1) Fully respect toward Rasulullah SAW

  • Imam Malik very respect toward Rasulullah SAW by showing his way explained the Hadith of Rasulullah
  • When someone came asked about Hadith Prophet (pbuh), Imam Malik does not came out to answer that question until he took bath, dress up his body with perfume, cover the body with new cloth which is robe, and wore turban
  • Then, he will came out and answer the question with very polite and calmly until the listener satisfied.
  • b) Character of Imam Malik
  • fierce and decisive character
  • his student highly respect to Imam Malik
  • kind and honorable
  • He also helps other people when someone in trouble time
  • Imam Malik like to know what happen surrounding him such as about the community affairs
  • Imam Malik love visiting those who are sick, regradeless whether he know or not
  • Imam Malik was serving very polite manner and replied the question with calmly and clearly statement.

PERSONALITY OF IMAM MALIK

  • a) Appearance of Imam Malik
  • a person with smart, handsome, fair, well built and tall
  • big and blue eyes and a long beard
  • In his clothing, Imam Malik like gorgeous, smart and expensive cloth
  • He wore elegent and expensive clothing, frequently white and always changing them, while narrating Hadith
  • a person who like fragrant smell such as musk perfume

FAMILY BACKGROUND

FAMILY'S ORIGIN: Tribe of Yemen (His great grandfather relocate the family to Medina after converting to Islam on 623 CE)

Imam Malik’s father:Anas ibn MaliK was

:a businessman that selling arrows for living.

:a man of knowledge who studied with his own family.

Imam Malik’s grandfather: Malik ibn Anas

:well known in the society during that time.

:a follower of the Companions that being in :contact with Caliph Uthman ibn Affan.

:He was one of those who made copies of the Qur’an for Caliph Uthman.

Imam Malik's great grandfather: Abu Amir Bin Amru

:Companion of Rasulullah S.A.W

:Joined together in most of the battle in Islam

:except The battle of Badar Al-Kubra.

:famous scholars during generation of tabien that narrated many hadith from Sayyidina Umar, Sayyidina Uthman, Talhah Bin Ubaidullah and other companion of Rasululah S.A.W.

2) Honor toward knowledge

  • Harun Ar-Rasyid caliph came visit Medina and one gavernor came to the caliph by saying that Imam Malik was teaching his Al- Muwatta’ to his student.
  • Then, caliph asked governor to call the Imam Malik to the came to his palace to teach him about Al- Muwatta’
  • Then, Imam Malik replied to the governor by saying that knowledge does not come to you and you have to go to it.
  • Imam Malik give advice towards Harun Ar-Rasyid caliph by saying that Allah loves people raised higher degree of knowlegde rather than degree of his self.
  • Then, Caliph followed what the Imam Malik said in order to gain the knowlegde.

ii) Imam Malik show eagerness in their studies

  • Imam Malik pay attention towards his studies on tafsir al-Quran, hadith and fiqh.
  • He further studied to the scholars that have a lot of beneficial knowlegde for his extra knowlegde, although at that time he already have abundance in wisdom knowlegde especially in islamic knowledge and already got title of mufti Medina.
  • focus or priority in advance is memorized the Quran
  • compile fatwas of companion of Rasulullah SAW and compile, memorize and discussing opinions of different sheikh until he became well-known ulama’ in Medina especially areas in Hadith and law

EDUCATION BACKGROUND OF IMAM MALIK

i) Imam Malik begun interest in singing

  • his interest in singing at youth age that suitable with his handsome and attractive persons.
  • Imam Malik show his interest in singing by trying learn singing song and followed the singer.
  • the originality interest of Imam Malik towards singing can not be separated.
  • Imam Malik still enjoy the listened the songs and give high respect towards music.
  • Accroding to Abu Al-Ala’, he explained in his book(kitab), Risalatul Ghufran by saying that the fifth caliph, Umar bin Abdul Aziz and Imam Malik was said in singer history.
  • Therefore, some of reseacher take decision that Imam Malik permissible singing and he does not said about his opinion on prohibiting the singing in his book(kitab) al- Muwatta’.

CONCLUSION

Imam Malik ibn Anas is not a strange name in islamic history yet his name is one of the giants that gave major contributions in Islamic law in Medina, he is the famous scholar of Medina also the master of Hadith, Tafsir an Fiqh. He showed up at a time when the Muslim community desperately needed the sciences of fiqh and hadith (sayings and doings of Prophet Muhammad) to be organized, Imam Malik rose to the occasion at the right time and place.

GIVE RISE TO SUCCESFUL SCHOLARS

~One of them is Imam Shafi’ie.

~Imam Shafi’ie is the founder of Madhab Shafi’ie, he travelled from Mecca to gained knowledge from Imam Malik.

~Memorized Quran at the age of seven years old and Muwatta at the age of ten years old

~Made great contribution to the science of Islamic jurisprudence from the knowledge he gained from Imam Malik and other scholars.

~Madhab of Shafi’ie being used in Egypt, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri lanka.

FREE TEACHING CLASS BY IMAM MALIK

~Held at the Prophet’s mosque and divided his class into Al-Quran, Hadith and Fiqh.

~Initially, refused to give a lecture since he thought he still lack of knowledge eventhought at that time he already mastered in Islamic jurisprudence.

~“I will not start teaching people until seventy scholars in Medina give an approval” (Abd. Latip Talib, 2011).

~Starts his first class at the age of seventeen after he met all scholars in Medina and obtained an approval for teaching others.

~Chose grave of Muhammad as a place of his first lecture just to avoid from disturbing his teacher’s lecture where he afraid students of his teacher will leave the class and come to him

Scholar's comment on Al-Muwatta

~Imam Shafi’ie once said “ Al-Muwatta is the soundest books on earth after the Quran, the nearest books on earth after the Quran, the most correct book on earth after the Quran and most beneficial book on earth after the Quran” (Shaykh Gibril,2015).

~Imam Bukhari said, “the soundest chain of all chains of Transmission (Sanad) for the prophet’s Hadiths (narrations) was the one from Imam Malik, Nafi and Ibn Umar” (Shaykh Gibril,2015).

AL-MUWATTA

~“I showed my book to seventy scholarly jurist of Medina (master of Fiqh) and every single one of them approved it, so I named it as Al-Muwatta (the approved) (Shaykh Gibril,2015) .

~the first book of authentic tradition of Prophet Muhammad.

~spent 40 years of his life learning before producing this book.

~contained a combination of fiqh and hadith.

~he started with 10,000 of hadith but then he reduced them down to the present number of around 2000 hadith.

~one of the oldest available books on Islamic jurisprudence.

MADHAB MALIKI

~The second madhab after Madhab Hanafi.

~main sources:

1. Primarily the Holy QuraN

2.Hadith

3.Ijma' (consensus)

4.Ta'amul (customs of the people of Madinah such as practices of the Sahabah that represent the true spirit of Islam)

5.'Qiyas' (analogy) and 'Istislah' (public interest)

~Maliki madhab is well spread and applied by his followers in Africa, Egypt, Andalus, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia and some in Iraq, Palestine and Hijaz.

CONTRIBUTION OF IMAM MALIK

1. Development of Maliki's School of thought.

2.Codifying and organization of thousands of legal hadith known as Al-Muwattak.

3. Opened free teaching class that teach Al-Quran, Hadiths and Fiqh for the public.

4. Give rise to the great scholars- Imam Al-Syafi'ie.

BIOGRAPHY OF IMAM MALIK

NAME: Abu Abdullah Malik Bin Anas Bin Malik Bin Abi Amir Bin Amr Bin Haris Bin Gaiman Bin Kutail Bin Amr Bin Haris al-Asbahi .

NICK NAME: Imam Malik

FATHER'S NAME: Anas ibn Malik

MOTHER'S NAME:Aaliyah bint Shurayk al-Azdiyya

D.O.B: 95 hijr/712 CE

P.O.B: city of Medina

MARIAGE LIFE: 1 wife-name is undefined

a daughter named Fatimah

3 sons named as Muhammad, Hammad and Yahya.

GENERATION: Tabi’ Tabi’in

DEATH: 84 years old on 14 Rabiul Awal 179 Hijr/796 CE in Medina and buried at Jannatul Baqi (garden of Heaven)

ASSALAMU'ALAIKUM WBT..

BIOGRAPHY AND PERSONALITY OF IMAM MALIK AND HIS CONTRIBUTION IN ISLAMIC LAW

by:

  • NOOR FARAHANIM BT YUSOFF
  • NOR DIYANA BT OTHMAN
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