Levels of organisation of life

From the smallest one, the subatomic particle, to the biggest one, the biosphere. »
Juan Gracia

Levels of organization of life
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
 
The
are the smaller parts that compose everything.
We can distinguish three basic subatomic particles:

       -PROTONS
       -NEUTRONS
       -ELECTRONS


                The proton have positive charge, the 
                   neutron haven't charge and the 
                      electron have negative charge. 
 
ATOMS
The
       are the smaller units of matter, they are formed 
          by the union of protons, electrons and neutrons 
              (SUBATOMIC PARTICLES) but they haven't live.

             
 
MOLECULES
The
     are the union of two or more ATOMS.
    They form compounds, but they haven't 
live.
Here we have a water molecule, its form by the union of two atoms 
of hydrogen and one of oxygen
ORGANELLES
The
are the different parts that form 
          a cell, they are made of 
macromolecules, that 
are the union of two or
more molecules. The most 
important organelles are
   the Nucleous, the Chloroplast, 
    the Endoplasmic Reticulum, 
       the Golgi apparatus,   
                  the Mitochondria 
                           and the Vacuole.

CELLS
The
are the basic unit of LIFE!
     It's the smallest particle in a living
    being.
       There are two types of cells:  

     PROKARYOTIC       EUKARYOTIC
Prokaryotic cells:
      -Without nucleous.
      -An example of prokaryotic
      cells are the bacterias.
Eukaryotic cells:
     -With nucleous.
     -Two types:
           .Animal: They have centrioles for the sexual reproduction and they have cytoplasm.
           
           .Plant: They have chloroplast
for the photosynthesis, a big vacuole
and a cell wall.
TISSUES
The
are groups of cells joined. There are four types 
of tissues:
      -MUSCULAR tissue (related with muscles)
      -NEURAL tissue (related with the nervous 
      system, it's composed of neurons.
      -CONNECTIVE tissue (related with the shape 
      of the body, blood is an example of 
       this tissue)
      -COVERING or EPITHELIAL tissue (related 
                 with the skin and the interior 
                               of the organs)
ORGANS
The
       are groups of tissues working together.
  Examples of organs are the brain, 
the hearth, the lungs, the stomach...
 In the plant cells we can distinguish two 
  organs,
   the stem and the leaves.
SYSTEMS
The
       are groups of organs working together 
to make vital functions. Examples of systems
             are the respiratory system, the 
             digestive system, the nervous
system...
   In plants the shoot is an organ systen
    consisting of the leaves and the stem.
ORGANISM
The
   are groups of systems working together.
 Any living being is an organism, even an
 organism can be unicelular, this 
            made the three vital 
       functions: 
            1) Reproduction.
            2) Interaction.
            3) Nutrition.
FAMILY
A
       is a group of organisms that live 
      together, normally  in the same 
location and of the same specie.
Usually in a family lives the parents
and his sons.
POPULATION
The
         is the number of organisms or families      
               that live in a concret location 
(a neighborhood, a city, a country...) of the 
same specie (humans, dogs, birds...)
BIOCENOSIS
  are all the living beings that live in a 
 concret place. For example, in a mountain 
valley could have 10,000 people, 
2 beards, 200,000 birds and 
   100,000,000 of worms and 
           200,000,000,000 of trees all this 
            living beings form the biocenosis 
           of this valley.
The
ECOSYSTEM
The
    is the group of all the living beings (animals) and all the non-living beings (rocks) that live in a concret place (a valley, 
a forest, a park...)
BIOSPHERE
The
           is the group of all the ecosystems that exist in the Earth.

   -Notebook of 3ÂșESO
   -Wikipedia
   -Biodeluna
   -Images Google
   -Wordreference
Bibliography:
Juan Gracia Garcia-Lisbona
4ÂșESO B 
31-12-2011

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