Levels of organisation of life
From the smallest one, the subatomic particle, to the biggest one, the biosphere.
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Levels of organization of life
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
The
are the smaller parts that compose everything.
We can distinguish three basic subatomic particles:
-PROTONS
-NEUTRONS
-ELECTRONS
The proton have positive charge, the
neutron haven't charge and the
electron have negative charge.
ATOMS
The
are the smaller units of matter, they are formed
by the union of protons, electrons and neutrons
(SUBATOMIC PARTICLES) but they haven't live.
MOLECULES
The
are the union of two or more ATOMS.
They form compounds, but they haven't
live.
Here we have a water molecule, its form by the union of two atoms
of hydrogen and one of oxygen
ORGANELLES
The
are the different parts that form
a cell, they are made of
macromolecules, that
are the union of two or
more molecules. The most
important organelles are
the Nucleous, the Chloroplast,
the Endoplasmic Reticulum,
the Golgi apparatus,
the Mitochondria
and the Vacuole.
CELLS
The
are the basic unit of LIFE!
It's the smallest particle in a living
being.
There are two types of cells:
PROKARYOTIC EUKARYOTIC
Prokaryotic cells:
-Without nucleous.
-An example of prokaryotic
cells are the bacterias.
Eukaryotic cells:
-With nucleous.
-Two types:
.Animal: They have centrioles for the sexual reproduction and they have cytoplasm.
.Plant: They have chloroplast
for the photosynthesis, a big vacuole
and a cell wall.
TISSUES
The
are groups of cells joined. There are four types
of tissues:
-MUSCULAR tissue (related with muscles)
-NEURAL tissue (related with the nervous
system, it's composed of neurons.
-CONNECTIVE tissue (related with the shape
of the body, blood is an example of
this tissue)
-COVERING or EPITHELIAL tissue (related
with the skin and the interior
of the organs)
ORGANS
The
are groups of tissues working together.
Examples of organs are the brain,
the hearth, the lungs, the stomach...
In the plant cells we can distinguish two
organs,
the stem and the leaves.
SYSTEMS
The
are groups of organs working together
to make vital functions. Examples of systems
are the respiratory system, the
digestive system, the nervous
system...
In plants the shoot is an organ systen
consisting of the leaves and the stem.
ORGANISM
The
are groups of systems working together.
Any living being is an organism, even an
organism can be unicelular, this
made the three vital
functions:
1) Reproduction.
2) Interaction.
3) Nutrition.
FAMILY
A
is a group of organisms that live
together, normally in the same
location and of the same specie.
Usually in a family lives the parents
and his sons.
POPULATION
The
is the number of organisms or families
that live in a concret location
(a neighborhood, a city, a country...) of the
same specie (humans, dogs, birds...)
BIOCENOSIS
are all the living beings that live in a
concret place. For example, in a mountain
valley could have 10,000 people,
2 beards, 200,000 birds and
100,000,000 of worms and
200,000,000,000 of trees all this
living beings form the biocenosis
of this valley.
The
ECOSYSTEM
The
is the group of all the living beings (animals) and all the non-living beings (rocks) that live in a concret place (a valley,
a forest, a park...)
BIOSPHERE
The
is the group of all the ecosystems that exist in the Earth.
-Notebook of 3ÂșESO
-Wikipedia
-Biodeluna
-Images Google
-Wordreference
Bibliography:
Juan Gracia Garcia-Lisbona
4ÂșESO B
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