DNS
IP
HTTP
Rendering
Geo-DNS
Anycast
CNAME recursion
I made a map of the Internet
And other lessons
about speeding 
up web sites
Tom Hughes-Croucher
Yahoo! Inc.
@sh1mmer
Tools & Research
P.S.
Some of this might be wrong
Work in progress
DNS
TCP/IP
HTTP
Rendering
Physics
Wifi
To Here
From here
1, 6 and 11 are most popular in the USA because they don't overlap
OFCOM Study
90% of bandwidth on management

Sources of interference:
Microwaves
Cordless Phones
Baby Monitors
etc
Backbone
Fiber Optics 
at the <3 of everything
http://www.ibiblio.org/harris/500mailemail.html
The 500 Mile Email
Mother Earth Mother Board
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/4.12/ffglass_pr.html
Routing
Basics
Real Example
A
C
1. Send to 128.9.2.2
2. 128.9.0.0 Matched to 128.8.1.1
3. 128.8.1.1 Matched to LAN 0
4. Construct Packet
5. ARP -> MAC
6. Send
1. Recieve Packet
2. 128.9.2.0 Matched to LAN 2
3. Construct Packet
4. ARP -> MAC
5. Send
1. Recieve Packet
2. Matched self
3. Read Packet
Tom Hughes-Croucher
Yahoo! Inc.
http://speakerrate.com/sh1mmer
@sh1mmer
croucher@yahoo-inc.com
"Remember Routers Switch and Switches Route"
SPDY
Slow Start
MPTCP
Tools
Research
Wireshark
tcpdump
Tools
Research
Tools
Research
Tools
Research
OpenDNS
Google DNS
Geo DNS
Prefetching
dig
whois
Wireshark
tcpdump
HTTP Pipelines
SPDY


Wireshark
Firebug
Web Inspector
Dynatrace
Early Flushing
JavaScript styling
MHTML
Dynatrace
Speed Tracer
http://developer.yahoo.com/performance
Basics
YSlow - http://developer.yahoo.com/yslow
Firebug - http://getfirebug.com
Page Speed - http://code.google.com/speed/page-speed
Dynatrace - http://dynatrace.com
Speed Tracer - http://code.google.com/webtoolkit/speedtracer
Wireshark - http://wireshark.org
Thanks to EventHelix.com
Does Cache Matter?
Classic Waterfall Chart
Basics
GET
HEAD
OPTIONS

PUT
POST
DELETE
METHODS
RESPONSES
2xx - OK
3xx - Redirect
4xx - Client Error
5xx - Server Error
Issues/Solutions
Wifi connectivity - FCC need to find a solution to the congested airspace
Modems - ISPs need to stop shipping shitty gear
Speed of light - Um, yeah
Bandwidth - More fiber to the home, etc
Issues/Solutions
Issues/Solutions
Geography - Anycast
                            - Geo Fixing
Lookup recursion - Use nested CNAME records
Bad DNS - OpenDNS/Google DNS
Lookup times - Reduce DNS requests
Issues/Solutions
Issues/Solutions
Multiple request - SPDY
                                       - HTTP Pipeline
Caching - CDNs
Latency - Parellising requests

Initial paint - Flush, flush, flush
Reflow - Check CSS
Repaint - Check JavaScript
Render time - decision trees 
Non-blocking loading - LabJS
TCP
UDP
Issues/Solutions
Tear-up/down - SPDY
                                   - Cheap-alive
Framesize - Use aggressive settings
Slow-start - Use agressive settings
                           - Watch out for routers
Pescribed routing - MPTCP
Network
Parse
Render
Paint
Scripts
Browsers
"Fire and forget"
UDP
TCP
Latency vs. Bandwidth
By Mike Belshee
Issues/Solutions