Social Studies
Chapter 5 - Age of Exploration

Lesson 1 
Europe in the Age of Exploration
p. 104-108
I. How Europeans 
Saw the World
 3 continents
Europe
Africa 
Asia
Earth was round
didn't think it was possible to said across the ocean
 Asia was across the Atlantic
Not enough skills to sail long voyages
What people knew?
political events
Trade
technological 
development
-tools & machines used to 
improve your life
-war
-religion
II. Reasons for Exploration
Crusades
-series of religious wars

-Christians fought Muslims

-gain control of Jerusalem & other holy land


-saw riches of Italian & Arab merchants

-traded spices, silks, gems from India, China & Japan

-Crusaders went to Mediterranean area, 
  northeast Africa, & southwest Asia
Desire for trade
Spread Christianity
-duty to convert all non-Christians
spices

silk
gems
compass - tells directions
astrolabe - measures distance
triangular sails
-catch wind 
-sail faster
rudder - steer 
III. Technological Developments
- in shipbuilding
- ability to navigate

navigate
-chart & plan the course of a journey
Ships and Sails
-old square rigged sails
could sail only in 1 direction
poor for long voyages - lost
VS.
- lateen sails
triangular shape
could catch wind from all sides
- caravel
had a rudder to steer ship with few men
easier to control
sail faster
Navigation
compass - find direction
astrolabe
measures latitude
turn pointer on metal disk toward sun
inaccurate readings because of movement of ship
cross-staff
measures latitude
by comparing the horizon to the North Star
Weapons
- used to conquer or defend themselves
swords 
spears
bows
armor
guns
cannons