Semantic & Sintax
I love Facebook !
I      Facebook !
Tim Berners-Lee
Just Relax!
Generations of Web
Play
I Can't Understand
http://www.cambridgesemantics.com/semanticexchange/
http://www.opencalais.com/
-The first internet links computers together .That Internet was call "web 1.0"
-The second internet advanced the ability to links in the individual pages together, that internet was call web 2.0
-now we are move in to the third internet.
The Semantic web is starting point of Web 3.0 evolution.
The semantic web is a web of data.
The semnatic web comes from Tim Berners-Lee.
He is the inventor of things such as:
- WWW (World Wide Web)
- HTTP
- HTML
- URIs
- XML
and now the semantic web.
When we talk about sintax or semantics, what we´re really talking about is communication.
For communicate with somebody else, you use your voice.
Communication
The Semantic Web
So,before going any further is important to know what the world semantics actually means.
Semantic is related to sintax. In most languages sintax is how you say something ,whereas semantics is the meaning behind what you say.
The sintax is all the letters, words and punctuation in the sentence,the semantic is what the sentence actually means.
For example "I love Facebook"
In this case it means that you enjoy using facebook. Now if you are using a different symbol for the word "love", we´ve changed the sintax of the sentence, however the semantics of the sentence is still the same.
when you write i "heart" facebook still means that you enjoy using facebook.
The internet created an standard way for computers to communicate and exchange information with one another.
Today is really nice day.
However, much like appeared mimic kind of sounds so that understanding them, computers merely mimic kind of information to one another.

So Internet enables computers to talk to one another, it was not designed to teach them what the information actually means.
HTML
When the web came along and create a quick and easy way for ask to retrieve and view information, you can think of the web as a huge document storage and retrieval system.
When you put a website adress in your browser it sends a request to the website.
The request basically says that you would like the document located at the adress that you gave in.
The website retrieves a document and sends it back yo your web browser.This document is read in a language called HTML.

The HTML language defines the syntax that computers can understand. It tells the computers how to display the document to you.

So the two really things that the web did is create a way to get any document on the internet and it also created the sintax, called HTML, that is used to display the document for you.
So what´s the big deal?
we have the internet that let´s us talk to each other
and we have search engines wich in find just about any website that we want.
The web is actually pretty good,
so how we' re gonna make it better?
The answer lies in semantics.
computers still don´t understand the meaning behind the web pages that they´re showing us.
While they may understand the syntax, the semantics are losted on them.
Now if we could get computers to recognize what is on a web page, they could learn what we´re interested in.

If they know that, then they can help us get what we want, they would change from possibly helping us to actually helping us.
This is really what the semantic web is all about.
It helps computers to understand the meaning behind a web page.
The web of today is about documents, whereas the semantic web is about things.
When i say things i mean any thing: people, places, events, music, movies, organizations and just about any concept that you can think of.
The semantic web is not only about pointing this things out to a computer, but also about letting computers know how all of these things are related to each other.


There are several promising technologies that are used today that can embed semantics in each html documents.
Two of the more popular ways are called "microformats" and "RDF".
So, the semantic web stuff is not something gonna happen in the future, it´s about something that is happening today.
Things get really exciting when we start to explore the possibilities of the semantic web.

Once your computer can understand what a person, a place and event is,it can strong helping you interact with those things.

For example, if a particular party is marked up as an event on a date in a place,you can
tell the computer to set the date in your calendar.
Another example is in the world of music blogs.
Music blogs usually list songs and albums reviews, on different pages.
If the blog marked up the songs and the artists using semantic technology, you can tell your browser to find all the songs on the pages.
Or search the internet for other albums by the same artist.
Search engines will also become more accured than they are today.
When you search you can say that you´re searching for a person, a place or a particular song.
The search engine could surf websites with far more accuracy because it won´t happen that just deppend on keywords in webpages anymore.
It can also deppend on the semantics in that web page.
So the semantic web holds a great deal promise in making our lives easier by helping computers to help us ,get what we want.
It is a group of methods and technologies to allow machines to understand the meaning of information or "semantics"  on the World Wide Web.

The Technology of Semantic Web involves publishing in languages specifically designed for data:
- Resource Description Framework (RDF), 
- Web Ontology Language (OWL),
-  Extensible Markup Language (XML):

HTML describes documents and the links between them.
RDF, OWL, and XML, describe things .
One of the main advantages of Web 3.0 is in the search engines.

A traditional research shows simply the title of the page, extracts based the key, and links.
Traditional Search
But with the Semantic search we can have more Information.
For example you can ask for a semantic search engine: "what dose he do?",
"where does he live?" and recevie answers, hopefully a single answer.
Semantic search
Calais is a project of Reuters allows you to extract semantic data from a page. 
To see how is working, you can use Gnosis, a Firefox extension that uses the engine of Calais to perform semantic analysis on a page. Just activate it the small instrument detects tens of elements: personal names, cities and many another elements.
Calais performs a semantic analysis of common pages. 
There are specific languages such as RDF, RDFa , and with them we can add meaning to information, but these must be applied before publication. If that information has been published we need a software that automatically adds this level.
Calais
Cogito is a software that understands the meaning of words and analyzes any type of text (doc, pdf, web page, email, sms etc.) using a semantic approach.

“Cogito” is a product Italian company Expert System.
it analyzes the information and, can to extract a semantic structure to be used later.
This system is applied in several fields:
“Cogito Monitor”allows you to examine a long period, the review consumer about a product, a service or otherwise;
Cogito Semantic Advertiser, you can view the meaning of the pages and the right to assign اساین to each message. Advertising is a field in which the semantic analysis of Web could give the first results.
Cogito
Anzo, is a plug-in for Excel, not yet available publicly, which adds semantic information to data in a spreadsheet. The data in an Excel spreadsheet can be identified by the format: date, number, text, many another things.....
After all information has been "tagged" semantic data a spreadsheet can be shared online, compared, processed and published on the Web.
Anzo
Thank U :)
Hakia is a general purpose semantic search engine, that search structured corpora (text) like Wikipedia.
Hakia search results are organized in tabs:
"Web results", "credible sites"," images" and "news".

Credible sites refer to results from sites that have been vetted by librarians and other information professionals invites by Hakia to identify credible web sites.
http://www.hakia.com/search?q=Carlo%20vaccari
Hakia
"SenseBot" is a web search engine that summarizes search results into one concise digest on the topic of your query. The search engine attempts to understand what the result pages are about. For this purpose it uses text mining to analyze Web pages and identify their key semantic concepts.
This way SenseBot helps you get a better grasp of what the relevant term is about. In this way you do not have to go through a large number of web pages  through results with incomprehensible expert definitions (or any definitions at all).
SenseBot
http://www.sensebot.net/sense6.aspx
Powerseet is at present not a regular web search engine.
It works best on smaller, relatively structured corpora.
The technology offers a comprehensive view of such information.
You can test it on Wikipedia and Powerset definitely excels at this, structuring the information and presenting it in a way that, for research purposes, is a great improvement on Wikipedia’s own search engine.
You can enter keywords, phrases, or simple questions in the search box. On the search results page, Powerset often answers questions directly.
Powerset
DeepDyve is a powerful, professional research tool available for free for the general public.
It is a research engine that lets you access expert content from the “Deep Web”, the part of the Internet that is not indexed by traditional search engines (e.g. databases, journals etc.).Researchers, students, technical professionals, business users, and other information consumers can search Wikipedia or deep web resources within these categories: Life Sciences and Medical, Physical Sciences, Humanities and Social Sciences, Business and Finance, Patents, Legal, Clean Technology and Energy, IT and Engineering.
http://www.deepdyve.com/
DeepDyve
The semantic mapping of the English language is the key to making Natural Language Processing (NLP) effective. Cognition’s unique Semantic Map, which it built over the past 24 years, is the most comprehensive and complete map of the English language available today. It can be used in support of the Semantic Web for semantic search, search tools, business analytics, machine translation, document search, context search, and much more.
Cognitione
http://www.cognition.com/
Gnosis
http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/06/07/obama.merkel.visit/index.html?hpt=hp_t2
http://www.expertsystem.net/
Semantic Web Languagies
we have the web, that let´s us store and retrieve any document on the internet
This is a quick introduction to the semantic web. 
Before to start I'll talk about "Generations of Web".